A Short History of Kangleipak (Manipur) Part II
by Wangkhemcha Chingtamlen
Preface
(For critical study)
The first part of this “A SHORT HISTORY OF KANGLEIPAK (Manipur) Part - I’ had been published in 2005 and has been received by the indigenous people of Kangleipak as a CLEAR DISCOVERY of lost history of Ancient Kangleipak. The complete destruction of the Myths and Legends carefully manufactured during the last three hundred years during the Hindu Rule in the Ancient History of Kangleipak was first a Dismay, then a surprising strength for the people of Kangleipak after seeing the truth of the discovery. That was the first part.
This second part will give you a further boostering confidence in the discovered Ancient History of Kangleipak with a sense of Love and Respect to your gone Ancestors of Kangleipak who gave you so much for you. The real history of Ancient Kangleipak starts with this second part. The first part destroys the Myths, Legends and Traditions manufactured with Fabrications, Frauds during the Hindu Rule and the destruction of them will further continue in the second part also for those imperfectly destroyed in the first part.
Gate way theory - A Blatant Lie.
Since the days of Pamheiba Garivaniwaz, Hindu cheaters planted the theory that since early B.C. the Hindu traders went through Kangleipak (present Manipur) as a gate-way in their trade between middle east, Afganistan, Iran etc. on one hand and on the other hand the vast Asiatic land mass including Burma (Myanmar), China etc. They say the Kshetri Princes (meaning Arjuna and their group) came in this gate-way to Manipur (upto 18th century Kangleipak) in early B.C. What a Blatant Lie!
Kangleipak (present Manipur) was an unknown Land to the Hindus upto 18th Century A.D. we have the written document in ‘Bamon Khunthoklon’ that some Hindu Vagabonds in their desperate search for foods came to Kangleipak since 15th, 16th centuries, but they were unknown to the kings of the days. Upto this day, present Manipur is not a Gate-way of the mainland Indians to south east Asia.
Silk-route between China and Europe did not even touch Indian mainland.
The silk-rout between China and Europe (Chinese part about 4000 kms) goes through Gansu Province of north West China through Jiayu Pass and Tiansui City of the Gansu province. The authority is applying to the U.N. since 1994 to recognise this silk-rout between China and Europe as Heritage Site. The silk-rout does not even touch the Indian subcontinent. There are routes for example, Golan, Bolan and Khyber passes that connect China with Europe and middle east.
There are two Mayanmarese history books with the writer. One is A HISTORY OF BURMA by Maung Hrin Aung (1967), another is Outline of Burmese History by G.E. Harvey (1926).
The first book by Maung says the Indians reached Burma by land and sea, but the routes are not given in details. The second book by Harvey says ‘These colonists came in two streams, one overland through Assam to upper Burma, the other by sea from South India to Lower Burma’ These things are what are stated by the historians and records of history.
In this time of yore, large number of peoples from India to upper Burma and China and from China and Burma to India went through mountain passes in north east regions of present India as the Burmese history writers said in their books of history.
In corroboration of these what the historians says, there were several mountain passes in the past as corridors between Indian sub-continent on one hand and on other hand China and south east Asia. They are (1) Pangsan pass (2) Hpungan pass (3) Kumjawang pass (4) Dippu pass (5) Kaya pass (6) Tsangkang pass. These six mountain passes were in the Tirap and Lohit areas of present Arunachal Pradesh and were operative in the past as corridors between upper Burma and India. Further (7) Yonggyap pass (8) Andra pass (9) Lusha pass (10) Lamdo pass pass (11) Shoka pass (12) Tunga pass. These six mountain passes were on the northern border of present Arunachal Pradesh and were operative as corridors in the past between India and China. Even today you know Arunachal Pradesh is a disputed land between India and China. We know very well in 1962, as soon as hostility commences between India and China, the Chinese Army (PLA) covered upto Bomdila within hours.
Above these, there are two mountain passes more (1) Tulung La pass and (2) Nathula pass operative to day as corridors between India and China. These are the mountain passes and lands through which the Indians and other foreingeners went to China and upper Burma. These are the ways the historians say ‘Overland through Assam’. In the II World War also, the British Army went through Arunachal Pradesh to China and upper Burma (Ref. Indian book depot (Map house), 2937. Bahadurgarh Marg, Delhi-1100 006).
In such situations of historical and geographical facts, not to talk of silk-route between China and Europe, Indian passed through Kangleipak (present Manipur) as corridor between India and South east Asia sounds very nonsense. Kangleipak was not even touched by Indians and foreigners in their journey to China and south east Asia in the past. If they say it was done, they may mention some routes that they went in the past through Kangleipak to reach China and South-east Asia.
Snake Tradition
The Meetei Race are the descendants of ‘Seven Lairels’, it is a correct tradition. The seven sons of Ipu Athoupa Konchin Tukthapa Pakhangpa, that is, the Seven Salais are known by the Meetei Race traditionally as ‘Seven Lailels’ = Seven Lairels. Our original Ancestors, Seven Salais are respected and worshipped as ‘Seven Lailels’. Lailel = Lai + lel, Lai = God, Lel = Highest, best, greatest by concept and language. By tradition the Seven original Ancestors are respected and worshipped by the Meetei Race as Seven Lailels from times immemorial. It is correct to say our Ancestors are Lailels, the highest, greatest, best gods. But it is a blatant Lie to say our ancestor Lailels or Lairels are Pythons, snakes. The Meetei Race has no tradition of snake worship or the like. Even to day in the 21st century some Kangleichas eat snakes, pythons regularly.
How our Ancestors Lailels became snakes or how the Meetei Race became the descendants of Seven snakes ? Please see.
In the Cheitharol Kumbaba by L. Ibungohal and N. Khelchandra (1967) at page 99, it is written “6ni yumsakeisada pakhangba nongthoudagi khaorou oina fifou mangda tarakye' The word ‘khaorou’ in the sentence above is a snake called khaorou= Kharou at present. The word ‘fifou’ is not known to the writer. But it is undoubtedly correct to understand the sentence above that the Meetei Race’s Ancestral God Pakhangba came down on Earth as a snake as the statement in the Kumbaba indicated. This is the time of Pamheiba Garivaniwaz.
In the same Cheitharol Kumbaba, it is written ‘10ni ningthoukabada sana lan lokchaoda lairen thokye’ This ‘lairen’ also means our ancestral god Pakhangba. This is the time of Bhagyachandra.
In the Diary of Manipur (1904) at page 70, it is written “Pakhangba the ancestral god of the Manipuries came down from heaven in the shape of a small serpent and appeared in front of the Raja’s house.” This also is during the reign of Pamheiba Garivaniwaz.
And again in this very Diary of Manipur (1904) at page 96, it is written ‘A peculiar kind of Serpent was found at Lokcho, the serpent was called by the name of Lairen (God of serpents).' This is during the reign of Maharaj Bhagyachandra.
How the Meetei’s Ancestral God Pakhangba came down from heaven as snake ? How the serpents at 'sana yan lokchao' and at Lokcho are called 'Lairens'. Who called them Lairens ? How serpents (snakes) can be called Lairels ? These are a Funny Cheatings to lead Kanglei Psychology to wrong directions. In this way, misconcepts were created in the social fabrics and imposed them with royal authority to become ( in the Meetei race) human nature in the long run during the Hindu rules. Snake tradition, snakes as the ancestors of the Meetei race which is wrong in common sense and scientifically as snake gene and human gene cannot be matched to produce mankind, was manufactured during the Hindu rule to derogate the Meetei Race. Imposition of such scientifically and rationally wrong Ideas that the Meetei race is the descendants of snakes called Lairens with constant threat of physical injury ( mental torture) made the Meetei race felt they are descendants of snakes for some time.
Now the writer thinks the misconcept is totally cleared from the minds of the Meetei Race (?)
Frankly speaking, this part II of this history series of Kangleipak, dealing with the ancient History of kangleipak, is a real discovery of the loss History of kangleipak. In this book many discoveries hitherto to unknown to Kangleichas in matters of Science, Art, Politics of our great Ancestors will be seen.
To the young man !
There is a strong armed conflict for the recovery of the loss independence of Kangleipak, not of Manipur, is a reality for the indigenous people of Kangleipak. Manipur has not lost anything upto this day, except resurgence with greater activities. The Armed Forces Special Power Act, 1958 is a great friend of Manipur.
In such situation of present political scenario, the History of Kangleipak is your last resort that many give you eventually an unexpected strength and power.
Come and play Pro-active roles in discovery of loss History of Kangleipak for your racial strength and clear identity. You cannot get anything without your strong Historical Foundation of Kangleipak.
Lastly, this Part - II of the Kangleipak history series is a small book, but to the writer of a small means, it becomes a burden. The writer express unreserved gratitude for those who helped this pioneering work with money and materials and mental encouragement. The writer further express thanks to Mr. Wahengbam Iboyaima Luwang, Vice-president , Kangleipak Historical and Cultural Research Centre, Sagolband, Imphal for his tireless help in proving the printing work. Further the writer express warm gratitude to Mr. Maisnam Deven Luwang, the proprietor of M.R. Offset Printers, Sagolband, Imphal for his canny help extended to the writer.
Wangkhemcha Chingtamlen
Sagolband Thangjam Leirak,
Imphal - 795 001
Dated 23-5-2007
Tele. : 9856245801